Towards Privacy-assured and Lightweight On-chain Auditing of Decentralized Storage
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by
Yuefeng Du and Huayi Duan and Anxin Zhou and Cong Wang and Man Ho Au and Qian Wang
2020
Abstract
How to audit outsourced data in centralized storage like cloud is
well-studied, but it is largely under-explored for the rising decentralized
storage network (DSN) that bodes well for a billion-dollar market. To realize
DSN as a usable service in a truly decentralized manner, the blockchain comes
in handy -- to record and verify audit trails in forms of proof of storage, and
based on that, to handle fair payments with necessary dispute resolution.
Leaving the audit trails on the blockchain offers transparency and fairness,
yet it 1) sacrifices privacy, as they may leak information about the data under
audit, and 2) overwhelms on-chain resources, as they may be practically large
in size and expensive to verify. Prior auditing designs in centralized settings
are not directly applicable here. A handful of proposals targeting DSN cannot
satisfactorily address these issues either.
We present an auditing solution that addresses on-chain privacy and
efficiency, from a synergy of homomorphic linear authenticators with polynomial
commitments for succinct proofs, and the sigma protocol for provable privacy.
The solution results in, per audit, 288-byte proof written to the blockchain,
and constant verification cost. It can sustain long-term operation and easily
scale to thousands of users on Ethereum.
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