Cross-Referencing Method for Scalable Public Blockchain
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by
Takaaki Yanagihara, Akihiro Fujihara
2021
Abstract
We previously proposed a cross-referencing method for enabling multiple
peer-to-peer network domains to manage their own public blockchains and
periodically exchanging the state of the latest fixed block in the blockchain
with hysteresis signatures among all the domains via an upper network layer. In
this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of our method from three theoretical
viewpoints: decentralization, scalability, and tamper resistance. We show that
the performance of the entire system can be improved because transactions and
blocks are distributed only inside the domain. We argue that the transaction
processing capacity will increase to 56,000 transactions per second, which is
as much as that of a VISA credit card system. The capacity is also evaluated by
multiplying the number of domains by the average reduction in
transaction-processing time due to the increase in block size and reduction in
the block-generation-time interval by domain partition. For tamper resistance,
each domain has evidence of the hysteresis signatures of the other domains in
the blockchain. We introduce two types of tamper-resistance-improvement ratios
as evaluation measures of tamper resistance for a blockchain and theoretically
explain how tamper resistance is improved using our cross-referencing method.
With our method, tamper resistance improves as the number of domains increases.
The proposed system of 1,000 domains are 3-10 times more tamper-resistant than
that of 100 domains, and the capacity is 10 times higher. We conclude that our
method enables a more scalable and tamper-resistant public blockchain balanced
with decentralization.
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