Development of a globally optimised model of the cerebral arteries
release_vxnemhabavh6tdfthlrkl7dm5e
by
Jonathan Keelan, Emma M.L. Chung, James P. Hague
2018
Abstract
The cerebral arteries are difficult to reproduce from first principles,
featuring interwoven territories, and intricate layers of grey and white matter
with differing metabolic demand. The aim of this study was to identify the
ideal configuration of arteries required to sustain an entire brain hemisphere
based on minimisation of the energy required to supply the tissue. The 3D
distribution of grey and white matter within a healthy human brain was first
segmented from Magnetic Resonance Images. A novel simulated annealing algorithm
was then applied to determine the optimal configuration of arteries required to
supply brain tissue. The model is validated through comparison of this ideal,
entirely optimised, brain vasculature with the known structure of real
arteries. This establishes that the human cerebral vasculature is highly
optimised; closely resembling the most energy efficient arrangement of vessels.
In addition to local adherence to fluid dynamics optimisation principles, the
optimised vasculature reproduces global brain perfusion territories with well
defined boundaries between anterior, middle and posterior regions. This
validated brain vascular model and algorithm can be used for patient-specific
modelling of stroke and cerebral haemodynamics, identification of sub-optimal
conditions associated with vascular disease, and optimising vascular structures
for tissue engineering and artificial organ design.
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