Association between postterm pregnancy and adverse growth outcomes in preschool-aged children release_vk6gsi65azcidbrkrsmbj3j6fi

by Jun Tang, Wanglong Gou, Yuanqing Fu, Kelei Li, Xiaofei Guo, Tao Huang, Huijuan Liu, Duo Li, Ju-Sheng Zheng

Published in American Journal of Clinical Nutrition by Oxford University Press (OUP).

2022   Volume 116, Issue 2, p482-490

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> Postterm pregnancy has been associated with higher risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity, but its long-term health effects on offspring are poorly understood. </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Objective</jats:title> The aim of the study was to investigate the prospective associations between maternal postterm pregnancy and adverse growth outcomes in children. </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> The Jiaxing Birth Cohort is part of a large population-based health surveillance system in China and recruited pregnant females resident in Jiaxing area between 1999 and 2013, and newborns were followed up with an average duration of 5.6 years until they went to school. Mother-child pairs with maternal gestational information and offspring's anthropometric data at 4-7 years old were included. Postterm pregnancy was defined as maternal gestational age ≥ 42 and &amp;lt; 47 weeks, and its associations with offspring's obesity, overweight/obesity, and thinness during childhood were determined by using Poisson regression models. </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> Of the 101505 included mother-child pairs, 2369 (2.3%) children were born at postterm. Children born at postterm had significantly lower body mass index-for-age z-score, weight-for-age z-score, and height-for-age z-score than those born at term; mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.11 (-0.15, -0.06), -0.17 (-0.21, -0.13), and -0.16 (-0.20, -0.12), respectively. When comparing postterm with term pregnancy, the multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs among preschool-aged children were 0.87 (0.68, 1.11) for obesity, 0.82 (0.72, 0.94) for overweight/obesity, and 1.18 (1.09, 1.28) for thinness, respectively. These risk estimates were robust in sensitivity analyses, but were attenuated in several subgroups stratified by age, sex, modes of delivery and fetal distress. </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> Postterm pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of thinness, and a lower risk of overweight/obesity, as well as lower growth parameters in preschool-aged children. These findings implied that postterm pregnancy may impede the long-term growth of offspring. </jats:sec>
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