Semantic Communications for 6G Future Internet: Fundamentals, Applications, and Challenges
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Wanting Yang, Hongyang Du, Ziqin Liew, Wei Yang Bryan Lim, Zehui Xiong, Dusit Niyato, Xuefen Chi, Xuemin Sherman Shen, Chunyan Miao
2022
Abstract
With the increasing demand for intelligent services, the sixth-generation
(6G) wireless networks will shift from a traditional architecture that focuses
solely on high transmission rate to a new architecture that is based on the
intelligent connection of everything. Semantic communication (SemCom), a
revolutionary architecture that integrates user as well as application
requirements and meaning of information into the data processing and
transmission, is predicted to become a new core paradigm in 6G. While SemCom is
expected to progress beyond the classical Shannon paradigm, several obstacles
need to be overcome on the way to a SemCom-enabled smart wireless Internet. In
this paper, we first highlight the motivations and compelling reasons of SemCom
in 6G. Then, we outline the major 6G visions and key enabler techniques which
lay the foundation of SemCom. Meanwhile, we highlight some benefits of
SemCom-empowered 6G and present a SemCom-native 6G network architecture. Next,
we show the evolution of SemCom from its introduction to classical SemCom
related theory and modern AI-enabled SemCom. Following that, focusing on modern
SemCom, we classify SemCom into three categories, i.e., semantic-oriented
communication, goal-oriented communication, and semantic-aware communication,
and introduce three types of semantic metrics. We then discuss the
applications, the challenges and technologies related to semantics and
communication. Finally, we introduce future research opportunities. In a
nutshell, this paper investigates the fundamentals of SemCom, its applications
in 6G networks, and the existing challenges and open issues for further
direction.
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