Relevant aspects to the recognition of extensional environments in the field release_ua7ljo5xgrgubo6xow5tkxhix4

by Ana Milena Suárez Arias, Julian Andres Lopez Isaza, Anny Julieth Forero Ortega, Mario Andrés Cuéllar Cárdenas, Carlos Augusto Quiroz Prada, Lina Cetina, Oscar Freddy Muñoz Rodríguez, Luis Miguel Aguirre Hoyos, Nelson Ricardo López Herrera

Published in Boletín Geológico by Servicio Geologico Colombiano.

2021   Volume 48, p95-106

Abstract

The understanding of each geological-structural aspect in the field is fundamental to be able to reconstruct the geological history of a region and to give a geological meaning to the data acquired in the outcrop. The description of a brittle extensional environment, which is dominated by normal fault systems, is based on: (I)  image interpretation, which aims to find evidence suggestive of an extensional geological environment, such  as the presence of scarp lines and fault scarps, horst, graben and/or half-graben, among others, that allow the identification of the footwall and hanging wall blocks; ii) definition of the sites of interest for testing; and  iii) analysis of the outcrops, following a systematic procedure that consists of the observation and identification of the deformation markers, their three-dimensional schematic representation, and their  subsequent interpretation, including the stereographic representation in the outcrop. This procedure implies the unification of the parameters of structural data acquisition in the field, mentioning the minimum fields  necessary for the registration of the data in tables. Additionally, the integration of geological and structural observations of the outcrop allows to understand the nature of the geological units, the deformation related to the extensional environment and the regional tectonic context of the study area.
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