@misc{arend_2016,
title={ABO phenotype protected reproduction as it is based on fucosylations.},
DOI={10.6084/m9.figshare.1409398.v267},
abstractNote={The molecular biological
relationship between human fertility and ABO(H) blood group phenotype formation
becomes evident with the rare (Oh) or Bombay blood type, which, based on
the history of his own family, Charles Darwin would have interpreted as
resulting from reduced fertility in consanguinities. In its native form, the Bombay
type occurs in individuals with an extremely rare genotype (h/h;se/se), by
which the fucosyltransferases FUT1 and FUT2 are not produced due to point
mutations. These enzymes, encoded on chromosome 19, are epistatically connected
with the A and B allelic glycotransferase functions encoded on chromosome 9,
while the fucosyl residues provide the functional-structural basis for the
formation of any ABO(H) phenotype on the cell surface or in secretions and
plasma proteins. Immunoglobulins are also heavily fucosylated, and via
developmental variation in the positions between the cell surfaces and the
heavy chains of immunoglobulins, fucosyl residues appear to augment or reduce
antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity involving physiological
anti-self-reactivity; moreover, by regulating the assembly and intracellular
signaling of precursor B cell receptors, the core fucosylation
of immunoglobulin heavy chains represents a key mechanism in clonal selection. In fact, the seminal plasma of leukospermic infertile
men has been reported to exert high levels of poorly core-fucosylated IgG. Consequently, in Bombay type
individuals, non-somatic glycosylation processes of embryogenic stem
cell-to-germ cell transformation, which involve the modification and O-fucosylation
of epidermal growth factor (EGF), are most likely exposed to metabolic competition
with multiple glycosidic sites of poorly fucosylated, glycan-depleted
immunoglobulins promoting anti-self-reactive cellular cytotoxicity in male
gamete performance.},
publisher={Figshare},
author={Arend, Peter},
year={2016},
month={May}
}