Low-energy singlet sector in spin-1/2 J_1--J_2 Heisenberg model on square lattice release_rev_4c1a9c0c-b816-475e-8492-d9472983a9d7

Abstract

Based on a special variant of plaquette expansion, an operator is constructed whose eigenvalues give the low-energy singlet spectrum of spin-$\frac12$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on square lattice with nearest- and frustrating next-nearest-neighbor exchange couplings $J_1$ and $J_2$. It is well known that a non-magnetic phase arises in this model at $0.4\lesssim J_2/J_1\lesssim 0.6$ sandwiched by two N\'eel ordered phases. In agreement with previous results, we observe a first-order quantum phase transition (QPT) at $J_2\approx 0.64J_1$ from the non-magnetic phase to the N\'eel one. Large gap ($\gtrsim0.4J_1$) is found in the singlet spectrum at $J_2<0.64J_1$ that excludes a gapless spin-liquid state at $0.4\lesssim J_2/J_1\lesssim 0.6$ and the deconfined quantum criticality scenario for the QPT to another N\'eel phase. We observe a first-order QPT at $J_2\approx 0.55J_1$ presumably between two non-magnetic phases.
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