@article{acoh_1936, 
  title={A PRELIMINARY LIST OF PROTOZOA IN BRITISH COLUMBIA TERMITES}, 
  abstractNote={\ Ta n couv e l'. B.C. 25 The prese n ce of protozoa in t h e 10 \\'e r term it es has lo ng been kno \\'n and ,,'as fir st r eco rd ed by L es pe s in 1856, S in ce then. m a ny gene r a and s pec ies haH b ee n cli scO\' erecl, Th e op ini o n formerly he ld by so m e e n-tom o log is ts wa s that th ere \\'as som e co rre lat ion ex i:; tin g bet \\'ee n th e pr ese n ce o f proto zoa and the co nditi o n of th e sex ua l orga ns. ]~ece nt rese arch es w ould indi cate t hat th e m a jo rity of protozoa are sy mhi ot ic and th a t th eir prese nce ha:; n othing to do wit h th e se xua l o rga ns , To get a clea r under standing of th e rela ti ons hip s o f protozoa and t ermites. it is n ecessa r y t o pres ent a brief d esc ripti on of t h e dige :; ti,'e tract of those which co ntain th ese sy mbi o nts. E mbryo nically, th e gut is divi s ibl e int o thr ee \\'e ll-d efi n ed region s ; th e fo r e-int es tin e or s tom ode um , th e mid-intes tine , a nd th e hind-int es-tin e or proctodeum. Th e s tom ode um a nd the proctode um are f.o rm ed embryo ni ca lly a s in vag inati on s of th e anteri or a nd pos teri or body wall res pec tiy ely. The lining. th erefore. o f th e fore-and hind-int esti n e is of t he sa m e material a s that ·o f th e exoskeleton , that is. c hitin. The mid-inte,; tin e a ri ses ind epe nd e ntl y of th e h ody wa ll and thu s lack s thi s c hitin ou s lining, Th e thin-wall ed pharynx m erges int o th e oeso ph agus a nd a large cr op. follo w ed by th e gizzard. P ost eri or to the g izz ard the foregut pro trud e:; into th e cavity of th e mid-intest in e, f.orming a large oeso-phageal yah'e , At th e a nte ri o r e nd of th e mid-inte s tin e. \\,hich i:; tubul a r and of uniform s ize thro ug ho ut, are four s h ort e nte ri c caeca. A t th e jun ct ion o f the mid-and hind-int e:; tin es are a numb er o f ;\[alphigia n tuhul es. Pos teri or to th ese tubule s. a nd in the e nl a rged porti o n o f th e hind-in t estine, are prese nt la rge numb er s of pro tozoa. T he larger m e m-hers of thi s protozoan population app ear t o li,'e in a symbi oti c r elati o n-ship with their host , In re turn fo r food. protecti on a nd a :i uitabl e medium in which to li ,'e. th ey rend e r the termite a se n ' ice in the dige:;-ti on o f ce llul os e whi c h the te rmit e is unab le to perform alon e , According to Beall' s (2) and my ow n co ll ec ti o n th e foll o ll'ing are th e thr ee s pecie s of t ermit e:; in B riti s h Co lumbi a:-Zootermopsis angusticollis (Hag en). Z. nevadensis (Hage n) and Reticulitermes hesperus (Ba nk s). In th e fi r st t wo of the se s pec ie s th e d igest i I'e tract is a s d esc ribed ab ove. Th e protozoa occurrin g in th ese are as fo ll ows. those I have found being indicated by an asteri sk : Z. angusticollis, the com m on damp-wood t ermite.}, 
  author={Acoh}, 
  year={1936}
  }