A Fully Integrated Sensor-Brain-Machine Interface System for Restoring Somatosensation
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Xilin Liu, Hongjie Zhu, Tian Qiu, Srihari Y. Sritharan, Dengteng Ge, Shu Yang, Milin Zhang, Andrew G. Richardson, Timothy H. Lucas, Nader Engheta, Jan Van der Spiegel
2020
Abstract
Sensory feedback is critical to the performance of neural prostheses that
restore movement control after neurological injury. Recent advances in direct
neural control of paralyzed arms present new requirements for miniaturized,
low-power sensor systems. To address this challenge, we developed a
fully-integrated wireless sensor-brain-machine interface (SBMI) system for
communicating key somatosensory signals, fingertip forces and limb joint
angles, to the brain. The system consists of a tactile force sensor, an
electrogoniometer, and a neural interface. The tactile force sensor features a
novel optical waveguide on CMOS design for sensing. The electrogoniometer
integrates an ultra low-power digital signal processor (DSP) for real-time
joint angle measurement. The neural interface enables bidirectional neural
stimulation and recording. Innovative designs of sensors and sensing
interfaces, analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and ultra wide-band (UWB)
wireless transceivers have been developed. The prototypes have been fabricated
in 180nm standard CMOS technology and tested on the bench and in vivo. The
developed system provides a novel solution for providing somatosensory feedback
to next-generation neural prostheses.
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