Tachykinin stimulation effects on α-amylase, protease and lipase activities in midgut of American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae) release_kh5sbe6m5zfehgmjip5wcf37zy

by A Mikani

Released as a article-journal .

2016   Volume 36

Abstract

The effect of a neuropeptide, the tachykinin on α-amylase, protease and lipase activities in the midgut of American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus) is evaluated. Immunohistochemical reactivities against tachykinin (tachykinin-ir) were detected in the midgut. Tachykinin-ir cells in three regions (anterior, median and posterior) of the midgut were counted in normally fed, starved for four weeks and refed cockroaches. The number of tachykinin-ir cells decreased during 4 weeks of starvation and increased 3 h after refeeding. The results of the competitive ELISA were consistent with the profile of immunohistochemical reactivity. Incubation of the dissected midgut with tachykinin led to an increase in α-amylase, protease and lipase activities while the buffer remained ineffective. Tachykinin injection into the hemocoel increased α-amylase, protease and lipase activities, but PBS injection showed no sign of effectiveness. The results seggest that nutrients upregulate midgut cells secreting tachykinin causing further activities of digestive enzymes. ‫ﭼﮑﯿﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﮑ‬ ‫ﯿ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬ : ‫آﻧﺰﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ‬ ‫آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺳﺮي‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻟﯿﭙﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﺎز‬ ،‫آﻣﯿﻼز‬ ‫آﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae) ‫اﻋﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﺎﻧﯽ‬ ،‫آﻣﯿﻼز‬ ‫آﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫روي‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﮑﯿﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪه‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻟﯿﭙﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﺎز‬ ‫اﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺳﺮي‬ ‫ﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬) L. (Periplaneta americana ‫ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬. ‫ﺳﻠﻮل‬ ‫اﯾﻤﻨﻮﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪه‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬) ‫ﻋﻘﺒﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ،‫ﺟﻠﻮﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ (‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺷﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﮑﯿﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ‬. ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻤﻨﻮﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﮑﺲ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬ ،‫ﮔﺮﺳﻨﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻬﺎر‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯽ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﮑﯿﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎدي‬) ir cells-Tachykinin (‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ،‫داد‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫را‬ ir cells-Tachykinin ‫را‬ ‫داد‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬. ‫ﮐﺮد‬ ‫ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫اﻻﯾﺰا‬ ‫آزﻣﻮن‬. ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﮑﯿﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎوي‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪه‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ،‫آﻣﯿﻼز‬ ‫آﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﭙﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﺎز‬ ‫آﻧﺰﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫روي‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫اﺛﺮي‬ ‫ﻫﯿﭻ‬ ‫ﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬. ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻮﻟﻨﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﮑﯿﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﺸﺮه‬ ‫آﻧﺰﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﻫﯿﭻ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ،‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪه‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿ‬ ‫روي‬ ‫ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫آﻧﺰﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﺖ‬. ‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫آﻧﺰﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪه‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻮل‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﮑﯿﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺷﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ‬ ،‫آﻣﯿﻼز‬ ‫آﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻟﯿﭙﺎز‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﺎز‬ ‫دﻫﺪ‬ .
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