Classification of rhythmic cortical activity elicited by whole-body balance perturbations suggests the cortical representation of directionspecific changes in postural stability release_gjirphrnundr3nvfji3dfwly2u

by Teodoro Solis-Escalante, Digna De Kam, Vivian Weerdesteyn

Published in IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

2020   Volume PP, p1-1

Abstract

Postural responses that effectively recover balance following unexpected postural changes need to be tailored to the characteristics of the postural change. We hypothesized that cortical dynamics involved in top-down regulation of postural responses carry information about directional postural changes (i.e., sway) imposed by sudden perturbations to standing balance (i.e., support surface translations). To test our hypothesis, we evaluated the single-trial classification of perturbation-induced directional changes in postural stability from high-density EEG. We analyzed EEG recordings from six young able-bodied individuals and three older individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke, which were acquired while individuals reacted to lowintensity balance perturbations. Using common spatial patterns for feature extraction and linear discriminant analysis or support vector machines for classification, we achieved classification accuracies above random level (p<0.05; cross-validated) for the classification of four different sway directions (one vs. the rest scheme). Screening of spectral features (3-50 Hz) revealed that the highest classification performance occurred when low-frequency (3-10 Hz) spectral features were used. Strikingly, the participantspecific classification results were qualitatively similar between young able-bodied individuals and older individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Our findings demonstrate that low-frequency spectral components, corresponding to the cortical theta rhythm, carry direction-specific information about changes in postural stability. Our work presents a new perspective on the cortical representation of postural stability and the possible role of the theta rhythm in the modulation of (directional) reactive balance responses. Importantly, our work provides preliminary evidence that the cortical encoding of direction-specific changes in postural stability is present in chronic hemiparetic stroke.
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